When it comes to custom furniture, cabinetry, and built-ins, choosing the right wood species and finish is just as important as the design itself. Wood type affects durability, appearance, and even how a piece ages over time. The finish you select plays a major role in protecting the wood and enhancing its natural beauty. Whether you’re planning a custom dining table, built-in shelving, or kitchen cabinetry, this guide will help you make informed decisions about wood species and finishes.
Understanding Wood Species: Finding the Right Fit
Not all woods are created equal—each species has unique characteristics that influence durability, grain pattern, color, and workability. Here are some of our go-to hardwoods for home projects:
1. Maple – Strong & Versatile
• Color: Pale, creamy white with subtle grain.
• Best For: Kitchen cabinets, cutting boards, furniture, and painted projects.
• Why We Love It: Maple is incredibly durable and resists wear, making it great for high-use areas. It also takes stain.
2. Cherry – Aging Gracefully
• Color: Warm reddish-brown that deepens with age.
• Best For: Traditional furniture, built-ins, and elegant cabinetry.
• Why We Love It: Cherry develops a rich patina over time, adding warmth and character.
3. Walnut – Dark & Sophisticated
• Color: Deep brown with striking grain contrast.
• Best For: Statement pieces like dining tables, desks, and accent furniture.
• Why We Love It: Walnut has a naturally luxurious look and doesn’t require much staining. A simple clear coat enhances its rich color.
4. White Oak – Timeless & Durable
• Color: Light beige to medium brown with tight, straight grain.
• Best For: Custom cabinetry, dining tables, and built-ins.
• Why We Love It: White oak is water-resistant, making it a great choice for kitchens and bathrooms. Quarter-sawn white oak has a unique grain pattern that adds visual depth.
5. Red Oak – Classic & Traditional
• Color: Warm, reddish-brown with a prominent grain pattern.
• Best For: Traditional furniture, flooring, and built-ins.
• Why We Love It: Red oak is strong, widely available, and takes stain exceptionally well, making it a versatile option for home projects.
6. Ash – Strong Yet Light
• Color: Pale yellowish-white with bold grain.
• Best For: High-traffic furniture like dining tables and chairs.
• Why We Love It: Ash is similar to white oak in strength but has a more pronounced grain. It’s shock-resistant and works well for modern and rustic designs. It can also be a more economical option if you are going for a white oak vibe.
Choosing the Right Finish: Protection & Aesthetics
Once you’ve chosen your wood species, the next step is selecting the right finish. Finishes serve two main purposes: protecting the wood and enhancing its beauty. Here are some common options:
1. Clear Finish (Polyurethane, Lacquer, or Varnish)
• Best For: Preserving the natural wood look while adding protection.
• Pros: Durable, water-resistant, and available in matte, satin, or gloss sheens.
• Ideal For: Dining tables, kitchen cabinets, and furniture that needs extra durability.
2. Stain + Topcoat
• Best For: Changing or deepening the color of wood.
• Pros: Wide variety of color options while still allowing wood grain to show through.
• Ideal For: Oak, maple, and ash. Pre-conditioning may be needed for even absorption.
3. Painted Finish
• Best For: Custom cabinetry and furniture with a sleek, uniform look.
• Pros: Offers a modern, crisp finish while hiding wood grain.
• Ideal For: Maple (woods with minimal grain patterns).
Final Tips for Choosing Wood & Finish
• Consider the Function: High-use pieces (like dining tables and kitchen cabinets) need durable wood and a tough, protective finish.
• Think About Aging: Some woods, like cherry, will darken over time, while others stay consistent.
• Match Your Style: If you love modern, go for white oak or walnut. If you prefer rustic, red oak or ash will add character.
• Test Stains & Finishes: Always test on a scrap piece of wood before applying to your final project.
Need Help Choosing the Right Wood for Your Project?
At Derek James Woodworking, we help homeowners bring their vision to life with custom-built pieces that are both beautiful and functional. Whether you’re dreaming of a custom dining table, built-ins, or cabinetry, we’ll guide you to the best wood and finish for your space.
Let’s create something timeless together! Contact us to get started.